Data Structures, Algorithms, & Applications in C++
Chapter 15, Exercise 61

When the B-tree order is 2m, the worst-case height is log m ((n+1)/2) + 1. Since the retrieval of each node requires 2 disk accesses, the maximum number of disk accesses required to preform a search is 2 log m ((n+1)/2) + 2.

When the B-tree order is m, the worst-case height is log d ((n+1)/2) + 1, where d = ceil(m/2). Since the retrieval of each node requires only 1 disk access, the maximum number of disk accesses required to preform a search is log d ((n+1)/2) + 1 = log m ((n+1)/2) * (log m / log d) + 1.

Since (log m / log d) <= 2 for m >= 3, as far as worst-case search complexity is concerned, we are better off using a B-tree of order m rather than one of order 2m.