CLASSES: CAP 4403 and CAP 6402

PROJECT 3: Equation

DUE DATE: March 21, 2008 @ 1:55PM

ISLAND CLEAN DATE: March 24, 2008

LATEST DRAFT of this document: March 17, 2008

• Definition: An equation is parsed and represented as a tree, which is a type of graph.
• Concept: Software Aesthetics: Software is defined as the "bit oriented" non-hardware structures found in a computer. A primitive form of software is data. More complex forms are data structures. Both data and data structures are commonly referred to as information, which is also associated with databases. Other types of software include expressions and program structures (or processes). When software captures an element of the real world, it is often "modeled", so one sees information,software, and dynamic models. The purpose of software aesthetics is to explore the diverse forms of human interaction possible for software representation through creative, and artistically-motivated means. Software is viewed as a design product and has strong elements of form as well as function. We are exploring a continuum in between pure functionality (i.e, conventional diagram) and pure art (i.e., non-functionality).
• Purpose: The purpose of this project is to represent a simple, but functioning, computer program defined as one or more equations. The equation(s) must be of significant global or national importance. So, avoid abstract equations. Think of news that has a dramatic impact--something that makes a headline. You will need to show both the equation structure (syntax) and the data (semantics).
• Syntax and Semantics The syntax for the equation is the equational structure after using the mapping procedures specified in the Design section. The semantics for an equation reflect what happens when the equation is executed. There are two types of semantics to consider in your project: internal and external. Internal semantics refer to changes that occur to the structure itself, and external semantics refer to the meaning of the structure as it is executed. You should be considering semantics from both perspectives: how the execution can be represented on or within the structure as well as outside of the structure, to emphasize interaction context.
• To do:
  • Research:
    • Search news-worthy sources. Locations to search include 1) top news items for a year (i.e., 2007), 2) news blogs and outlets, 3) RSS feeds. Ensure that these numbers have socio-cultural relevance to either the public at large or a significant subset. Example sources for news are Time and Discover
    • Identify one or more equations that are related to the story. Often, an equation that you need is not going to be located in the news text itself - you will need to look for this elsewhere. You may need to go the library and look up equations in books that are related to your news topic area.
    • The text representation of your project must be at least one equation with at least 7 components (i.e., y = a * x + b). Pseudo-equations ("wealth = happiness + motivation") are unacceptable. The independent variable (i.e., x) of your equation should be taken from existing data, a feed, or perhaps as input from the human participant. The parameters can be taken from existing data, a feed, or input, or they can be specified as constants.
    • If you have data that is not a time series, and can be plotted as X vs. Y or X(t) vs. Y(t), then you can use regression to fit an equation to the data.
    • Use this software search guide. Use symbolic and conceptual analogy/metaphor for representation.
    • Example: Pollution in a major city. Using Google Image Search, try: pollution formula, which yields these equations
  • Design:
    • Create a "human scale" object or set of objects in Second Life to represent the equational information, using these mapping guidelines, where "input" will be used for selection and/or parameter values for an equation. This object will be known as the model. Your model must be visual and have some audio/sound element.
    • Since you are representing a tree, containing nodes and edges, the challenge is to represent both of these artifacts. Think of objects that may be metaphors for paths, or types of paths: a stone path, a tube, flowing particles or river, a gutter, a thread, any object that connotes directionality. However, the concept of relation can also be represented using proximity (i.e, A relates to B iff B is to the right of A) or encapsulation (i.e, A relates to B iff B is located inside of A). Reference Figure 6 in this introduction. Remember that if the graph edge is directional, you will need to show direction in some way in your representation.
    • Keep in mind that Second Life is an immersive 3D environment, so while flat objects are not disallowed, take advantage of the 3D immersion and shapes in your representations.
    • Use symbolism for your representation (i.e., not the interaction context component), where a symbol does not directly look (or sound) like the thing being represented.
    • You should also create interaction context that will go along with your model, and connect with it. This context will relate to the model in some way, providing additional information or clarification. Think of the primary representation for this project as the syntax and the interaction context providing semantics.
    • Create all the prims and scripts yourself OR ensure that the 3 primary permissions can be set with any foreign prims, scripts, or media that you obtain or purchase (see the permissions information under Deliverables). Otherwise, do not include them in your model. So, for example, a texture obtained elsewhere is fine as long as can assign all 3 permissions for "next owner".
    • Create a separate sign object that allows the visitor to click on it to get a notecard (see under Deliverables). Texture this sign object with your original equation.
• Grade:
  • Your project will be expected to draw in a visitor through its look and feel and interaction. It should be creative and innovative and non-conventional.
  • Make sure that your project:
    • Is understandable once someone reads your notecard (see under deliverables)
    • Does not contain spurious elements that do not convey information (i.e., random music, objects that contain or convey no relevant information)
    • Is consistently designed and "hangs together" as a metaphor - not a random placement of shapes, sounds, and interaction
  • Pay attention to detail. Are your model and other objects fully texture mapped? Look atthe colors, textures, materials, lighting, and other object properties.
  • Pay attention to quality. Are you proud of the structure, and would you want to show it off to others?
  • Based on the quality of the project as it compares with the total population of student projects that are delivered
  • There are higher expectations of those taking CAP 6402 (graduate students)
  • A grade of "B" meets the minimal requirements specified in this page, whereas a grade of "A" is given to the projects with the highest quality as judged by the Professor and Teaching Assistant (TA)
  • Hints to help your grade
• Deliverables: To submit your project, you need to:
  • Give to the TA inside of Second Life by going to Search -> underneath people tab search for the TA: Haakon Norsk. Drag your complete "package" to the TA's profile (the right-side area that is shown). The package refers to your model, your sign, and any additional objects that comprise your design.
  • Submit your project report (same as notecard) on https://elearning.courses.ufl.edu/ to facilitate grading. Go to Assignments, click on Project 3, and past the contents of your notecard in the "submission" box, and any comments in the "comments" box.
  • Make sure that all permissions are set (see below under Policies). Set all permissions when the object is rezzed, not while in inventory. This is how to set permissions and do testing:
    • For each rezzed object, make sure that all 3 permissions are checked under the "General->Next owner can:" tab for each prim. You can set these prim permissions en-masse by region selecting all prims and then setting the permissions. However, this does not set permissions for anything under the "Content" tab in each prim.
    • For each item under the Content tab for each rezzed prim (where you may have contents such as scripts, sounds, notecards, textures, and so forth), right click each item and set all 3 next owner permissions under "Properties->Next owner can:". You can SHIFT select all items under content, but this will bring up tabs which have to be individually selected anyway.
    • Searching for prims that do not have the correct next-owner permissions can be facilitated using region (rectangle)-select while in edit mode. Select some part of your project. If all three next owner boxes are white, each with a check mark, then all prims and prim contents are set correctly for that selection. If there is a greyed-out box, then at least one prim or the content of a prim are not correctly set within that selection. Further sub-region selects will allow you to identify which prims are the problem.
    • Testing to make sure your permissions are correctly set is accomplished by giving your complete object package to another student in-world. Make sure that this other student does the following: (1) receives your object, (2) rezzes it, and (3) takes your object back into their inventory. If this can be done without any warnings being displayed next to your object in their inventory, you are fine. Warnings are: "(no copy)", "(no modify)", or "(no transfer)". If you wish to come to the instructor's or TA's office hours, we can be part of your permissions test if you do not wish to enlist the help of another student.
    • Position Invariance should be tested by moving and rotating your project, and ensuring that doing so does not break the functionality of any scripts that you have coded.
  • Do the following:
    1. Region select (Edit Mode->drag mouse) all prims in your objects in edit mode. Select only your objects (Tools->Select-Only-My-Objects) and if necessary (Client->uncheck Limit-Select-Distance)
    2. "Take Copy"(Right-Click Object-->More)
    3. Rename the packaged object using a long string consisting of the following: your real-life first and last name; your second-life first and last name; your project title; version number. Separate each part with an underscore. For example: "PaulFishwick_FrederichCourier_My Project Name_V1.3"
    4. Put a notecard in a prim in front of your model/context that acts as a "sign", and deliver this to the visitor when the visitor touches the design. This sign should be selected along with the rest of your prims when you hand it over to the TA. The sign should be textured with the text equation that you used for the project basis. On this notecard, include the following in this order:
       • Object Name: what you call your work
       • Title: a type of "news headline" reflecting your work
       • Creator: Your real name and SL name in parentheses
       • Date: date of creation.
       • Summary: Two or three sentence (brief description) of what your work represents
       • News Sources: The source(s) (magazine volume/issue #, web URL, RSS feed) used for getting the news-worthy story.
       • Interaction: List of methods on how one interacts with the model, and how the model is connected to the context
       • Motivation: Reasons/background for creating the model, including an explanation of why it is culturally relevant
       • Description: Detailed description of the mapping approach you used to represent the equation(s). Include diagrams, pictures, photos, URLs that will help in the description. The mapping must be complete for anyone wishing to know exactly how to intepret your work.
• Policies:
  • Wrong Permissions: penalty: 15 points per day. See above for how to set the permissions.
  • Late: minus 15 points per day starting with the due date/time.